History of a row of Bangka Island

Bangka Island is a large island surrounded by many small islands, save a lot of stories and the history of civilization since ancient times. The strategic location with an abundance of natural wealth from the first time can be recorded by the historical record proves that the island of Bangka Island is a high-value historicity.
As part of great history, sequence of events that have occurred related to this area is also being debated. Not just the debate related to the early history of geography, but also the interaction of people in it are still being debated by researchers and elders of the people in it. The debate about the origins of the word itself is a debate Bangka is not final until now.
Many versions of the attempt to give an interpretation of the word farts, but the physical evidence of the origin of this word itself has not been found except for the efforts of many experts to connect their analysis to the various events. Version history is apparently the most powerful version of the history of Limestone City. The discovery of the authentic historical evidence in the form of an inscription which dates to the Cretaceous Cities 686 BC to start a scientific debate. Inscriptions were found in the River Menduk (West Bangka Regency Now) contains 240 Sanskrit words. The inscription contains a warning to the public in the kingdom of Srivijaya on the prohibition to insurrection. The warning was clearly made by the ruler of the kingdom of Srivijaya in those days so that the island of Bangka An estimated during the Srivijaya kingdom had become a bustling center of activity. Cities in Limestone stele, did not mention the word Bangka. However, many historians are used to connect to the Sanskrit inscription Limestone City vanca words which later changed the word to Bangka appears to be acceptable by reason.
Another version states that the word comes from the wreck of Bangka which indicates that the word farts adala pmbuangan place the carcass in the colonial period. However, the origin of this word has no scientific evidence that anlisis version of Lime City on more acceptable to the general public. A magazine in 1846 named Tijdschrift voor Netherlands Indies posts that contain an area called the island of Banca adala Chinapata or formerly known as China-Batto (Chinapata adala suspected areas that had been reported by a sailor named Jans van Linschoteen Huyghens in 1595 in Amsterdam ). Used to cover an area called Palembang and Banca extends westward later called Bangka-Hulu and then subjected to Bengkulu perubaha dialect today. In the direction of East Sumatra, there are areas named Bangka that much confidence does not seem likely orangbtentang terlau great that many people lately who had never even heard of this story.

Dutch first landed in the archipelago precisely in Java Banten in 1596 under the command of Cornelis de Houtman. Long enough after the new Dutch island of Bangka glance regarded as one of potential tin producing areas. When the Dutch wanted to go to the island of Bangka area is entered on the power of the Sultanate of Palembang. The first relationship between the VOC and the Pacific Islands region occurs the first time in 1668. Bangka Island at that time was under the rule of Sultan Abdurrachman.
A record of the contract between the Dutch and the Sultan of Palembang on 10 July 1668 as mentioned in the book Islands in the Pacific Islands Sahabudin editor Ahmad, et al (2003) stated that the Sultanate of Palembang by the Dutch monopoly recognizes the leads and the Netherlands will mlindungi Sultanate of Palembang. Next in 1722, the Sultanate of Palembang which is under the reign of Sultan Mahmud Kamarudin entered into an agreement containing a provision that the VOC held a monopoly over trade in tin. The years that followed showed the Dutch trade relations and the Sultanate of Palembang going very badly, as where the Queen Mahmud Kamarudin failed internal rule.
Early Lead Mining
The discovery of tin in the Bangka island time First Instance has several versions. At least his memoirs, written by Heidhues mentions three versions of the invention, namely in 1707, 1709, and in 1711. lead early in the discovery of a commodity that is very easy to see because there is lead everywhere. Horsfield in Heidhues said that tin be easily seen when the locals do ubtuk burning fields cultivated by the locals. Tin seems to melt when the people doing the burning.
It can be concluded that the actual lead early in the 17th century is a commodity that Midah obtained. This indicates how much lead content in this island. Moreover, the mining of lead, which lasted for four centuries and until now the many tin mining is carried out in various places by residents and several large companies. People who are considered to introduce tin mining on Bangka island johor are people who have a line of Chinese descent who are Muslims and also the relatives of the Sultanate of Palembang. Abdulhayat in the family and the brother who was named Wan Akkub merupaka names are called and considered merupaka many people who pioneered the discovery of tin in the Bangka Island Mentor and in general. Heidhues mention that the entry of the Men johor, also comes a Chinaman named Oen Foreign (Boen Asiong) who perform in the village of Belo tin Mentor. These same people doing various kinds of reform movements in tin mining. Workers brought in at the time of China, introduced the use of tin mining engineering, fire to burn tin is more efficient, and standardized shape and weight of tin.
At this period of tin mining on Bangka is also familiar with the term coolie and partnership. Porters in the old spelling koeli derived from Tamil language, which means the person hired. While the partnership comes from the Hakka language, namely kwung-Sze, which means the handling on the basis of joint business ventures and interests with the common goal of economic benefit. Similarly the term began dipekenalkan towkay meaning boss or the boss and that means sinkeh Chinese coolies-bound and free in the first year in the second year and beyond.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the history of tin mining in the 17th century and beyond is the history of tin mining is carried out by the Chinese. Imports of Chinese workers in large-scale population led to the present Bangka also marred the lives of many Chinese people who initially came to work as miners in the end part contributed to the process of cultural development of local communities.
Not surprisingly, the current Chinese population on the island of Bangka reached 30 percent of the total population of this province. As one proof that the Chinese community has existed since the first, the ethnic Chinese community can be found in various parts of the island area. Call Mentok example, Pangkalpinang, Toboali, Sungailiat, Belinyu, Koba, Sungiselan Jebus and villages populated kawasa tin miners crowded.
Indigenous Bangka Island
Definition tenteng native Bangka Island is still being debated. Some say that the natives of this island is Malay, while the previous discussion mentioned that Malay is the gradual exodus of the population that came from the royal johor and Linga-Riau Empire.
History of the island is also characterized by the arrival of the Bugis people became pirates and mastering and mastering of small islands and coastal areas of Bangka. China also is an integral part to the demographic development of the island trip. Ditebitkan a book in 1954 (anonymous) called the Republic of Indonesia of South Sumatra Province wrote that the natives are those who Bangka Island is the result of the marriage bond between the sailors who came from Java, Palembang, Minangkabau and Bugis are transformed into the native new. So it seems the island of Bangka and Billiton initially uninhabited, but visited by residents from other areas and then form a distinctive culture of this area.
At about the mid-17th century, troops from the Kingdom and the Kingdom of Minang johor come to help local authorities crack down on the pirate-pirates who disrupt the activities of the community. Both landed in the kingdom is the kingdom of Minang Toboali which then settle down and affect the local culture and language peduduk, while the forces of the Kingdom of johor to Mentor and then settle down and give a great influence on cultural life and language of Mentor and surrounding residents.
Influence in the kingdom Minang Toboali deeply felt until now, for example from the point of language that tends to change the letter S with H. It can be in indetifisikasi on the use of the language used in Minang. Another influence on the traditional foods such as lemang in Toboali which is a typical food Minang. While the influence of a powerful Johor Malay revealed the characteristic of the Malay-an extremely thick in Mentor, for example the language tend to use the E pepet, Mentor community tradition also identifies with the tradition of Malay Malaysia. Meanwhile, Heidhues mentioned that a Dutch official named J. Van den Bogaart come to the island in 1803 Bangka Bangka divide the population at that time in the four castes, namely:

A. China,2. Malay,3. Hill people (also known as The Mountain / The Land),4. People of the Sea (The checkmate.

Discover the Origins of Coffee in

Yesterday saw the show on a private TV that tells about the history of coffee. That said, coffee was first discovered when goat herders noticed their goats became energetic after coffee bean crunch.
In the highlands of Ethiopia, the legend about the coffee came from. Although there is no guarantee that the truth is valid, that is where the legend of Kaldi talked about.
It is said that this is the shepherd Kaldi noticed his goats who do not sleep all night after eating beans.
Kaldi then report its findings with local residents and religious leaders who then make the coffee as a mixture of energy drinks to help keep the spirit when worshiping at night. 

Then drink this coffee based energy generation in the end quickly gained attention and is widely consumed in Africa to the Arabian peninsula.
Coffee is now a favorite beverage throughout the world. On the peninsula of Arabia, people are not just Arablah first coffee plant to plant and breed, they are also the first time memperjualbelikannya
Not only drink coffee at home but also in general shops - now it's called qahveh khaneh - which began appearing in cities in the Near East. Coffee shops was very popular and many people came to the shop for all kinds of social activities. They do not just come for coffee and chat, but they also listen to music, watching artists, playing chess and discussing various recent issues of the day. Not quite the center of hanging out and chatting, coffee shops eventually become a center of information exchange, to the coffee shops are often referred to as' Place of Sages, modern school. "
With thousands of pilgrims visiting the holy city of Mecca each year from around the world, "Arabian wine" is starting to spread in Arabia. In an effort to maintain a monopoly in the coffee trade in the early days, Arab desperately to keep their coffee production.
European travelers brought back from the Near East and by-the strange black drink. In the 17th century, coffee had made its way to Europe and became popular throughout the continent. Nations that do not sympathize with Arab business development at that time called the coffee as "Satan is a bitter drink '.The arrival of coffee to Venice in 1615, met with local clergy condemned it. The controversy was so great that Pope Clement VIII was asked to intervene. Before making a decision, he decided to taste the drink for himself. He found the drink was so satisfactory that he was recommending approval of the Pope.
Despite much controversy, the coffee shops in major cities of England, Austria, France, Germany and the Netherlands, it quickly became the center of social activity and communication. In Britain, coffee shops bahkandisebut "university one penny" because with only one penny of money, people can chat to discuss lingering as if studying at university. In the mid-17th century, adalebih than 300 coffee shops in London, many coffee shops to attract customers with a business associate of coffee and a chat, a coffee while enjoying the performing arts by artists and others.
Many growing businesses are started from just a house / coffee house. Lloyd's of London, for example, which originated from the coffee shop "Edward Lloyd's Coffee House"

The Bodies were found Intact First

Inside the Tomb of the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) at Mawangdui, Changsha City, Hunan Province, southern China found a female corpse intact, is the wet body was first discovered in the world. Historic ancient corpse that has been 2,000 years seems to keep it fresh and keep her skin suppleness.

It is said a senior official surnamed Ma buried in Changsha city of Hunan porpinsi. Then the area is called the Ma Wang Dui. In 1971, when locals were digging the ground to build an underground room in the Mawangdui see mud soil is soft white and soft and the smell of gas.

Under the white slurry was coated charcoal is thick, about 5.000 pounds. Later found a large box of 7 meters in length, 5 meters wide and almost 3 feet tall. Inside the coffin lay the body of a woman appeared intact and fresh, twist of the hands and feet clear jemelas, skin elasticity. After extensive surgery found that the contents of the chest cavity perurt and perfect, in the esophagus, stomach and small intestine seen 100 more watermelon seeds dutch. According to research, the owner of the tomb was interred in the second century BC, named Xin Zhui, wife of the prime minister of Changsha State in the early Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD).

For two years after the discovery of Eating Xin Zhui, also found two large tombs of the Han Dynasty, one of which is the tomb of Xin Zhui husband and the other one is probably the tomb, son, husband and wife. The third tomb is referred to as "Han Dynasty Tomb Mawangdui, Changsha".

         The discovery of the tomb at Mawangdui, Changsha an important influence for the archeology of China is rated as "one of the most important archaeological discoveries in China and the world in the 20th century".

The Formation History of the Moon

Several mechanisms indicate that the moon formed about 4.5 billion years ago, about 30-50 million years after solar system formed. The first theory is that Earth's moon formed from material that escapes due to centrifugal force, leaving a giant lake, which is believed to the Pacific Ocean. But this idea requires a very high rotational speed of the earth, and although this may occur, this process should produce a rotating month following the equator. This is not the case in recent months.

 

Other speculation is the moon formed somewhere in the universe simultaneously with the formation of planets, then stuck the Earth's gravity. But this condition should result in widening of the Earth's atmosphere as a result of the energy giant space for material that passes through Earth's moon.
The hypothesis goes on to say that the moon and Earth formed together the circle of the early solar system. Moon formed from material that surrounds the Earth like planets are formed from materials around the sun. But this theory can not explain the presence of iron deposits in the core of the month should be trapped in the gravitational core of the earth and formed the core of the month.

 
Throughout the above hypothesis can not explain the high angular momentum of the Earth-moon system.
The current theory is the most trusted of the collision theory. The mass of Mars hit the Earth early, releasing enough material into orbit around the earth and formed the moon through the early formation of a solid mass by gravity in the early Earth. The question that remains unanswered by this theory is how big the planet's mass and the early Earth is released into orbit and the moon form

 

 

First Alphabet Letter Creator

We already know the alphabet since kindergarten, but I'm sure you would not know who the originator of the alphabet for the first time,

First Author AlphabeticalThe letters of the alphabet is actually a sign of the sound. English alphabet letters are based on the Roman alphabet that age about 2,500 years. Large letters almost exactly with the large letters used in Roman inscriptions in the third century BC.
Before the alphabet, the alphabet was found, people using the images to record events or convey ideas. A picture of some deer horns can mean "This is a good hunting ground". So, this is actually a form of writing. "Writing image" that is developed by the nations of Babylon, Egypt and Ancient China.
Gradually, a picture writing is changing. Picture, not just mean an object which is drawn, also represents the idea that corresponds to the object drawn. For example, drawing the foot may indicate the verb "run". The level of writing is called "ideographic", or "writing ideas".
The difficulty with this type of writing is that messages can be interpreted by different people in different ways. Thus, this method gradually changed. Symbols appear to represent combinations of sound. For example, if the word for "arm" is the "id", picture sleeve means sound "id". The level of writing is called "writing on the syllable".
The nations of Babylon, China and Egypt have never experienced this level of writing. Egyptian actually make such an alphabet with 24 signs included among those images that contain the letters or words that are different from each one consonant. But they do not realize the value of their inventions.
Approximately 3,500 years ago, the people who live near the coast of the eastern Mediterranean made great strides toward in our alphabet. They realize that the same sign can be used to sound the same in all respects. So, they use a limited number of signs in this way and signs become an alphabet.
Development of their alphabet used by the Jews and later the Nation Phoenix. Phoenix nation brought their alphabet to the Greeks. The Romans took the Greeks to the alphabet and some additional changes and forward them to the people of Western Europe in the Latin alphabet. This is where the origin of the alphabet we use today.

Indonesia faces look past LIFE Magazine

Indonesia, a new state has emerged at the equator, so the first sentence of 14 pages of news and photographs of Indonesia. LIFE magazine called this state as an emerald equator, the marvelous, matchless beautiful, and fertile. The following fragment of a sentence in the magazine complete with pictures.

Actually, before Indonesia's independence was never published in LIFE magazine, at least two times, the issue of December 7, 1936 which contains about Pakubuwono X, King of Surakarta and the issue of January 25, 1937, when Gusti Nurul, daughter Mangkunegoro VII Surakarta, danced the dance at a wedding in the Netherlands serimpi Princess Juliana and prince Bernhard. And the edition of 1946 during a large-scale revolution against the Dutch in Java.

Hope the younger generation. Indonesia won its independence after the fight. walalupun Muslim majority, the nation's founders did not include the name "Muhammad" in its constitution.

Visible from left:
Muhammad Hatta: Prime Minister, negotiator independence and concurrently secretary of state
Yogyakarta Sultan: The defense minister age 37, led the anti-Dutch army
Anak Agung: Minister of Home Affairs, King Bali was 30 years fighting for federalism in the new government
Sutan Sjahrir: 40-year-old statesman who disposed of by the Dutch, he has no office, but his influence is vast 

for details click here 

Bali past

These posts are not intended to pornography or something, Post it only aims at providing knowledge of the history of Balinese life.

Sorry also for saudara2 of Bali if other less pleasing, this is the culture you tp the past ..
Actually, not only in Bali are like this, even almost in the entire archipelago, but its ane blom nemu pic (the search)
Pic also all taken dr om gugel and year taking around the 1950's.
 

FOLLOWING Portrait of Balinese life in the era around 1910













For details please see the video from youtube below:



reff: http://www.zonaunik.com/2011/04/bali-tempo-dulu-ternyata-wanita-disana.html